Individual effects | Individual effects and individual linear trend | |||||
Statistic | Prob. | Obs. | Statistic | Prob. | Obs. | |
Null: unit root (assumes common unit root process) | ||||||
Levin, Lin & Chu t | 0.26 | 0.601 | 138 | −7.96 | 0.000 | 300 |
Breitung t-stat | - | - | - | 6.73 | 1.000 | 235 |
Null: unit root (assumes individual unit root process) | ||||||
Im, Pesaran and Shin W-stat | - | - | 138 | - | - | 294 |
ADF—Fisher Chi-square | 24.91 | 0.995 | 138 | 53.55 | 0.999 | 294 |
PP—Fisher Chi-square | 47.21 | 0.423 | 138 | 104.97 | 0.297 | 294 |